Stanley Kubrick (1928-1999), American motion-picture director, many of whose films explore the dark side of human nature. Kubrick, who made 13 feature films over his nearly 50-year career, is considered one of the great directors of the 20th century.

Kubrick was born in the Bronx, New York. He became interested in photography in high [...]

Edwin Hubble (1889–1953), American astronomer, who made important contributions to the study of galaxies, the expansion of the universe, and the size of the universe. Hubble was the first to discover that fuzzy patches of light in the sky called spiral nebula were actually galaxies like Earth’s galaxy, the Milky Way. Hubble also found the [...]

I  INTRODUCTION
William Faulkner (1897-1962), American novelist, known for his epic portrayal, in some 20 novels, of the tragic conflict between the old and the new South. Although Faulkner’s intricate plots and complex narrative style alienated many readers of his early writings, he was a literary genius whose powerful works and creative vision earned him [...]